Organic chemical industry is an industry that uses petroleum, natural gas, and coal as basic raw materials to produce various organic products by organic synthesis methods. It is one of the pillar industries of my country's national economic development. In the past 50 years, the organic chemical industry has developed rapidly and has become an important part of the chemical industry. Organic chemical industry is divided into basic organic chemical industry, fine organic chemical industry and polymer chemical industry. The products of basic organic chemical industry are the raw materials of fine organic chemical industry and polymer chemical industry. Therefore, various basic organic chemical industry products support These products show the development level and industrial structure of a country's basic organic chemical industry. In this lecture, we will come to understand the basic organic chemical industry products.
The products of the basic organic chemical industry are mainly divided into five categories. They are carbon one, carbon two, carbon three, carbon four series products and aromatics series products. First look at a series of carbon products.
The series of carbon products include two categories: syngas system products and methane system products. Syngas system products refer to products that use syngas as raw materials. Syngas can be produced from natural gas, coal, residual oil and other raw materials, and includes products that use methanol and CO as raw materials. Methane system products include acetylene, synthesis gas, formaldehyde, HCN, etc., and further produce polyvinyl chloride, pharmaceuticals, solvents, and explosives.
The second category, carbon two series products. Among the C2 series products, the most important product is ethylene, and other products such as acetylene, acetic acid and ethanol are also typical C2 products. Ethylene has a wide range of uses. Many important basic organic chemical industrial products can be produced from ethylene. It is an important monomer of polymer materials and an important raw material for other chemical products. Ethylene polymerization produces polyethylene, and further produces plastic products, such as agricultural mulch film, industrial packaging film, pharmaceutical and food packaging film, mechanical parts, daily necessities, building materials, wires, cable insulation, etc.; ethylene oxidation produces ethylene oxide and acetaldehyde , and further produce polyester, antifreeze, explosives, plasticizers, softeners, pesticides, food additives, pigments, spices, medicines, plastic products, etc. There are many kinds of products, which are often used as a measure of the development level of a country's basic chemical industry.
The third category is C3 series products. Among the C3 series products, the most important product is propylene, which is an important monomer of polymer materials, and its importance is second only to C2's ethylene. Propylene is polymerized to produce polypropylene, and synthetic fibers and plastics are further produced, such as medical disposable masks. The middle layer is the ultrafine polypropylene fiber melt-blown material layer, which can block about 99% of bacteria; propylene produces acrylonitrile through ammonia oxidation, Further production of synthetic fiber, ABS resin, AS resin, nitrile rubber, flocculant, water thickener, paper treatment agent; production of chloropropanol through hypochlorination, further production of surfactants, polyester plastics, etc.; through high temperature Chlorination produces allyl chloride, and further produces polyester, medicine, explosives, epoxy resin, etc.
The fourth category, C4 series products C4 hydrocarbons can be separated from oilfield gas, refinery gas and cracked gas. The most important products of C4 hydrocarbons are butadiene, n-butene and isobutene, followed by n-butane. Butadiene can be used to produce rubber, plastics, nylon 66, spices, plasticizers, flame retardants, polyester raw materials, etc.; isobutylene can be used to produce organic glass, rubber, spice raw materials, solvents, pharmaceutical intermediates, gasoline additives, Adhesives, sealants, etc.; n-butene can be used to produce synthetic plastics, reinforced plastics, pesticides and solvents, etc.
The fifth category, aromatic hydrocarbon series products Among aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene and xylene are the most important, followed by naphthalene. Benzene, toluene, and xylene can be directly used as solvents, and can also be further processed into other organic chemical products.
The above are the five major categories of products in the basic organic chemical industry, including a series of carbon products mainly based on syngas system products and methane system products, carbon two series products mainly based on ethylene and its derivatives, and propylene and its derivatives as the main products. The main C3 series products, butadiene-based C4 series products, and benzene, toluene, xylene-based aromatics series products. From the above, we can see the importance of basic organic chemical industry. It is the basis for the development of various organic chemical production and the main component of modern industrial structure. All countries in the world are vigorously developing basic organic chemical industry.
